『壹』 绋嬪簭鍛樺簲鐭ュ簲浼氫箣鑷鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮閭ｄ簺浜嬪効
瀵逛簬涓涓寮鍙戜汉鍛樻潵璁诧紝鍙鑳借繍缁村苟涓嶆槸鑷宸辩殑鑱岃矗鎵鍦ㄣ備絾鏄浣滀负涓鍚嶅紑鍙戜汉鍛橈紝鍗翠笉鑳戒笉浜嗚В鑷鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮鐨勬暣涓娴佺▼銆傚洜涓哄逛簬涓涓淇℃伅绯荤粺鑰岃█锛屽紑鍙戝拰杩愮淮鏈璐ㄦ槸涓浣撶殑锛屽挨鍏跺逛簬涓浜涘皬鍏鍙告潵璁诧紝鍙鑳借繍缁翠汉鍛樻湰韬灏辨槸寮鍙戜汉鍛樻娊绌哄吋浠荤殑銆
鑰岃嚜鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮锛屾湰璐ㄤ笂鏄浠嬩簬寮鍙戝拰杩愮淮涔嬮棿鐨勶紝鏄杩愮淮鍜屽紑鍙戠殑浜ら泦锛岀敋鑷冲緢澶氭椂鍊欓兘瑕佸啓涓嶅皯浠ｇ爜銆傚洜姝わ紝浠讳綍涓涓寮鍙戜汉鍛橈紝閮介渶瑕佹湁鑷鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮鐨勭浉鍏崇煡璇嗐
涓涓浜嗚В濂界殑寮鍙戜汉鍛橈紝鍗充娇鑷宸变笉鍋氳繍缁寸浉鍏崇殑宸ヤ綔锛屼篃鑳藉熺煡閬撹嚜宸卞湪灏嗛」鐩浜や粯缁欒繍缁翠汉鍛樼殑鏃跺欙紝鍝浜涗笢瑗挎槸閲嶈佺殑锛岄偅浜涙槸蹇呴』閰嶇疆鐨勭瓑绛夈傜劧鑰屽湪瀹為檯宸ヤ綔涓锛屽線寰寮鍙戜汉鍛樹細缁欒繍缁翠汉鍛樼暀涓嬩竴浜涘潙锛屼竴浜涘彧鏈変粬鑷宸辩煡閬擄紝鑰岃繍缁翠汉鍛樹笉鐭ラ亾鐨勪笢瑗裤傚艰嚧杩愮淮浜哄憳鑷宸辫瘯浜嗗緢澶氭″彂鐜颁笉琛岀殑鏃跺欙紝鎵惧埌寮鍙戜汉鍛橈紝寮鍙戜汉鍛樼爺绌朵簡涓涓嬫墠浼氬憡璇変粬锛屽湪鏌愭煇鐜澧冧腑蹇呴』鐢ㄥ摢涓绔鍙ｄ箣绫荤殑銆傝繖鏍蜂笉浠呯櫧鐧芥氮璐逛簡杩愮淮浜哄憳鐨勬椂闂达紝涔熷炲姞浜嗗緢澶氭矡閫氱殑宸ヤ綔閲忋
鍙嶈繃鏉ヤ篃鏄濡傛わ紝涓浜涚幇鍦虹殑闂棰樺傛灉杩愮淮浜哄憳涓嶈兘鐜板満缁欏嚭闂棰樼殑瀹氫綅銆傚逛簬寮鍙戜汉鍛樻潵璁叉槸闈炲父闅句互澶嶇幇鐨勩傛瘮濡備箣鍓嶆湁鏌愬朵紒涓氾紝杩愮淮浜哄憳鍦ㄥ㈡埛鐜板満鍙戠幇闂棰樸傝垂浜嗗緢澶у姏姘斾粠瀹㈡皵鐨勫唴缃戦噷闈㈡妸鏃ュ織瀵煎嚭鏉ワ紝鍙戠粰寮鍙戜汉鍛橈紝缁撴灉寮鍙戜汉鍛樹粩缁嗙爺绌朵簡鏃ュ織涔嬪悗锛屽彂鐜版槸缃戜笉閫氱殑闂棰樸傚紑鍙戜汉鍛樻樉鐒舵槸涓嶅彲鑳界煡閬撲负鍟ョ綉涓嶉氱殑锛屾悶涓嶅ソ鏄鍘嬫牴娌¤繛缃戠嚎銆
鎵浠ヤ粖澶╂垜浠鏉ヨ亰涓鑱婏紝瀵逛簬涓涓绋嬪簭鍛樻潵璁诧紝闇瑕佷簡瑙ｇ殑鑷鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮鐨勯偅浜涗簨銆
涓銆佽嚜鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮鐨勬傚康
闅忕潃淇℃伅鏃朵唬鐨勬寔缁鍙戝睍锛屽垵鏈熺殑鍑犲彴鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ凡缁忓彂灞曟垚涓轰簡搴炲ぇ鐨勬暟鎹涓蹇冿紝鍗曢潬浜哄伐宸茬粡鏃犳硶婊¤冻鍦ㄦ妧鏈銆佷笟鍔°佺＄悊绛夋柟闈㈢殑瑕佹眰銆備竴涓杩愮淮浜哄憳鎵嬪伐閰嶇疆鍑犲彴鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ繕鍙鑳姐傞厤缃鍑犵櫨涓婂崈鍙版湇鍔″櫒閭ｅ氨绱姝讳簡锛岃繕瀹规槗鍑洪敊銆傞偅涔堝氨闇瑕佸硅繍缁村伐浣滆繘琛屾爣鍑嗗寲銆佽嚜鍔ㄥ寲銆佹灦鏋勪紭鍖栥佽繃绋嬩紭鍖栫瓑銆備粠闈㈤檷浣庤繍缁存湇鍔℃垚鏈銆傚叾涓锛岃嚜鍔ㄥ寲鏈寮濮嬩綔涓轰唬鏇夸汉宸ユ搷浣滀负鍑哄彂鐐圭殑璇夋眰琚骞挎硾鐮旂┒鍜屽簲鐢ㄣ
鎵璋撹嚜 鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮锛屽嵆鍦ㄦ渶灏戠殑浜哄伐骞查勪笅锛岀粨鍚堣繍鐢ㄨ剼鏈涓庣涓夋柟宸ュ叿锛屼繚璇佷笟鍔＄郴缁7*24灏忔椂楂樻晥绋冲畾杩愯 銆傝繖鏄鎵鏈変笟鍔＄郴缁熻繍缁寸殑缁堟瀬鐩鏍囥
鎸夌収杩愮淮鐨勫彂灞曟垚鐔熷害鏉ョ湅锛 杩愮淮澶ц嚧鍙鍒嗕负涓変釜闃舵 锛
锛1锛変緷闈犵函鎵嬪伐锛岄噸澶嶅湴杩涜岃蒋浠剁殑閮ㄧ讲涓庤繍缁达紱
锛2锛夐氳繃缂栧啓鑴氭湰锛屾柟渚垮湴杩涜岃蒋浠剁殑閮ㄧ讲涓庤繍缁达紱
锛3锛夊熷姪绗涓夋柟宸ュ叿锛岄珮鏁堝湴杩涜岃蒋浠剁殑閮ㄧ讲涓庤繍缁达紱
浜屻佽嚜鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮闇瑕佽В鍐崇殑闂棰
鑷鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮閫氬父鏉ヨ诧紝闇瑕佽В鍐充互涓嬪嚑涓闂棰橈細 鑷鍔ㄩ儴缃查厤缃銆侀庨櫓浜嬪墠棰勮︺佹晠闅滀簨涓瑙ｅ喅銆佸拰鏁呴殰浜嬪悗绠＄悊 銆
涓夈佽嚜鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮鐨勫父鐢ㄥ伐鍏
鑷鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮甯哥敤鐨勫伐鍏峰寘鎷浠ヤ笅鍑犵嶏細
1銆丄nsible
ansible鏄鍩轰簬Python寮鍙戠殑鑷鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮宸ュ叿锛岄泦鍚堜簡浼楀氳繍缁村伐鍏凤紙puppet銆乧fengine銆乧hef銆乫unc銆乫abric锛夌殑浼樼偣锛屽疄鐜颁簡鎵归噺绯荤粺閰嶇疆銆佹壒閲忕▼搴忛儴缃层佹壒閲忚繍琛屽懡浠ょ瓑鍔熻兘銆
ansible鍏锋湁濡備笅涓浜涚壒鎬э細
(1)妯″潡鍖栵細璋冪敤鐗瑰畾鐨勬ā鍧楋紝瀹屾垚鐗规畩鐨勪换鍔°
(2)Paramiko(python瀵箂sh鐨勫疄鐜)锛孭yYaml锛宩inja2(妯″潡璇瑷)涓変釜鍏抽敭妯″潡銆
(3)鏀鎸佽嚜瀹氫箟妯″潡锛屽彲浣跨敤浠讳綍缂栫▼璇瑷鍐欐ā鍧椼
(4)鍩轰簬python璇瑷瀹炵幇銆
(5)閮ㄧ讲绠鍗曪紝鍩轰簬python鍜孲SH(榛樿ゅ凡瀹夎)锛宎gentless锛屾棤闇浠ｇ悊涓嶄緷璧朘PI(鏃犻渶SSL)銆
(6)瀹夊叏锛屽熀浜嶰penSSH
(7)骞傜瓑鎬э細涓涓浠诲姟鎵ц屼竴娆″拰鎵ц宯閬嶆晥鏋滀竴鏍凤紝涓嶅洜閲嶅嶆墽琛屽甫鏉ユ剰澶栨儏鍐点
(8)鏀鎸乸laybook缂栨帓浠诲姟锛孻AML鏍煎紡锛岀紪鎺掍换鍔★紝鏀鎸佷赴瀵岀殑鏁版嵁缁撴瀯銆
(9)杈冨己澶х殑澶氬眰瑙ｅ喅鏂规坮ole銆
2銆丆hef
Chef鏄涓涓鍔熻兘寮哄ぇ鐨勮嚜鍔ㄥ寲宸ュ叿锛屽彲浠ラ儴缃诧紝淇澶嶅拰鏇存柊浠ュ強绠＄悊鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ拰搴旂敤绋嬪簭鍒颁换浣曠幆澧冦
Chef 涓昏佸垎涓轰笁涓閮ㄥ垎 Chef Server銆乄orkstation 浠ュ強 Chef Client銆傜敤鎴峰湪 Workstation 涓婄紪鍐 Cookbook銆傜劧鍚庯紝閫氳繃 knife 鍛戒护涓婁紶鍒 Chef Server銆傛渶鍚庯紝鍦 Chef Client 涓婇潰瀹炴柦瀹夎呭拰閮ㄧ讲宸ヤ綔銆傛墍浠ワ紝瀵逛簬 Cookbook 鍦扮紪鍐欏湪鏁翠釜鑷鍔ㄥ寲閮ㄧ讲涓璧峰埌浜嗛噸瑕佺殑浣滅敤銆
Chef Server 鍖呭惈鎵鏈夐厤缃鏁版嵁锛屽苟瀛樺偍鎻忚堪Chef-Client涓姣忎釜Nodes鐨凴ecipe锛孋ookbook鍜屽厓鏁版嵁銆傞厤缃璇︾粏淇℃伅閫氳繃Chef-Client鎻愪緵缁橬odes銆傛墍鍋氱殑浠讳綍鏇存敼閮藉繀椤婚氳繃Chef Server杩涜岄儴缃层傚湪鎺ㄩ佹洿鏀逛箣鍓嶏紝瀹冮氳繃浣跨敤鎺堟潈瀵嗛挜鏉ラ獙璇丯odes鍜學orkstations鏄鍚︿笌鏈嶅姟鍣ㄩ厤瀵癸紝鐒跺悗鍏佽竁orkstations鍜孨odes涔嬮棿杩涜岄氫俊銆
Workstations 鐢ㄤ簬涓嶤hef-server杩涜屼氦浜掞紝杩樼敤浜庝笌Chef-nodes杩涜屼氦浜掋傚畠杩樼敤浜庡垱寤篊ookbook銆俉orkstations鏄鎵鏈変氦浜掑彂鐢熺殑鍦版柟锛屽湪杩欓噷鍒涘缓锛屾祴璇曞拰閮ㄧ讲Cookbook锛屽苟鍦╓orkstations涓娴嬭瘯浠ｇ爜銆
Chef鍛戒护琛屽伐鍏 鏄鍒涘缓锛屾祴璇曞拰閮ㄧ讲Cookbook鐨勫湴鏂癸紝骞堕氳繃姝ょ瓥鐣ュ皢鍏朵笂杞藉埌Chef Server銆
Knife 鐢ㄤ簬涓嶤hefNodes杩涜屼氦浜掋
Test Kitchen 鐢ㄤ簬楠岃瘉Chef浠ｇ爜
Chef-Repo 鏄涓涓閫氳繃Chef鍛戒护琛屽伐鍏峰湪鍏朵腑鍒涘缓锛屾祴璇曞拰缁存姢Cookbook鐨勫瓨鍌ㄥ簱銆
Nodes 鐢盋hef绠＄悊锛屾瘡涓狽odes閫氳繃鍦ㄥ叾涓婂畨瑁匔hef-Client杩涜岄厤缃銆 ChefNodes 鏄涓鍙版満鍣锛屼緥濡傜墿鐞嗕簯锛屼簯涓绘満绛夈
Chef-Client 璐熻矗娉ㄥ唽鍜岃よ瘉Nodes锛屾瀯寤篘odes瀵硅薄浠ュ強閰嶇疆Nodes銆侰hef-Client鍦ㄦ瘡涓狽odes涓婃湰鍦拌繍琛屼互閰嶇疆璇Nodes銆
Cookbook 鏄疌hef 妗嗘灦鐨勯噸瑕佸熀纭鍔熻兘涔嬩竴銆傚湪 Chef Server 瀵圭洰鏍囨満鍣ㄥ仛瀹夎呴儴缃茬殑鏃跺欙紝鏄閫氳繃 Runlist銆傝 Runlist 閲岄潰鍙堝寘鍚浜嗕竴涓涓涓鍏蜂綋鐨 Cookbook锛屾墍浠ワ紝鏈缁堝逛竴涓鐩鏍囨満鍣ㄧ殑閮ㄧ讲浠诲姟灏辫惤鍒颁簡 Cookbook 涓娿傝屽逛簬 Cookbook 鏉ヨ达紝鍏朵腑鍖呭惈浜嗗氫釜缁勪欢锛屾垜浠鍙浠ュ皢 Cookbook 绠鍗曞湴鐞嗚В鎴愪竴涓瀹瑰櫒鎴栬呭彲浠ョ悊瑙ｄ负涓涓鍖咃紝閲岄潰鍖呭惈浜 recipes銆乫iles銆乼emplates銆乴ibraries銆乵etadata 绛変俊鎭銆傝繖浜涗俊鎭鐢ㄤ簬閰嶇疆鎴戜滑鐨勭洰鏍囨満鍣ㄣ
3銆丳uppet
puppet鏄涓绉峀inux銆乁nix骞冲彴鐨勯泦涓閰嶇疆绠＄悊绯荤粺锛屾墍璋撻厤缃绠＄悊绯荤粺锛屽氨鏄绠＄悊鍏堕噷闈㈣稿傛枃浠躲佺敤鎴枫佽繘绋嬨佽蒋浠跺寘绛夎祫婧愩傚畠鍙浠ヨ繍琛屽湪涓鍙版湇鍔″櫒绔锛屾瘡涓瀹㈡埛绔閫氳繃SSL璇佷功杩炴帴鍒版湇鍔＄锛屽緱鍒版湰鏈哄櫒鐨勯厤缃鍒楄〃锛岀劧鍚庢牴鎹鍒楄〃鏉ュ畬鎴愰厤缃宸ヤ綔锛屾墍浠ュ傛灉纭浠舵ц兘姣旇緝楂橈紝缁存姢绠＄悊涓婂崈涓婁竾鍙版満鍣ㄦ槸闈炲父杞绘澗鐨勶紝鍓嶆彁鏄瀹㈡埛绔鐨勯厤缃銆佹湇鍔″櫒璺寰勩佽蒋浠堕渶瑕佷繚鎸佷竴鑷淬
瀹㈡埛绔疨uppet浼氳皟鐢ㄦ湰鍦癴acter锛宖acter鎺㈡祴鍑鸿ヤ富鏈虹殑甯哥敤鍙橀噺锛屼緥濡備富鏈哄悕銆佸唴瀛樺ぇ灏忋両P鍦板潃绛夈傜劧鍚嶱uppetd鎶婅繖浜涗俊鎭鍙戦佸埌Puppet鏈嶅姟绔锛
Puppet鏈嶅姟绔妫娴嬪埌瀹㈡埛绔鐨勪富鏈哄悕锛岀劧鍚庝細妫娴媘anifest涓瀵瑰簲鐨刵ode閰嶇疆锛屽苟瀵硅繖娈靛唴瀹硅繘琛岃В鏋愶紝facter鍙戦佽繃鏉ョ殑淇℃伅鍙浠ヤ綔涓哄彉閲忚繘琛屽勭悊锛
Puppet鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ尮閰峆uppet瀹㈡埛绔鐩稿叧鑱旂殑浠ｇ爜鎵嶈兘杩涜岃В鏋愶紝鍏朵粬鐨勪唬鐮佷笉瑙ｆ瀽锛岃В鏋愬垎涓哄嚑涓杩囩▼锛岄栧厛鏄璇娉曟鏌ワ紝鐒跺悗浼氱敓鎴愪竴涓涓闂寸殑浼浠ｇ爜锛屼箣鍚庡啀鎶婁吉浠ｇ爜鍙戠粰Puppet瀹㈡埛绔锛
Puppet瀹㈡埛绔鎺ユ敹鍒颁吉浠ｇ爜涔嬪悗灏变細鎵ц岋紝鎵ц屽畬鍚庝細灏嗘墽琛岀殑缁撴灉鍙戦佺粰Puppet鏈嶅姟鍣锛
Puppet鏈嶅姟绔鍐嶆妸瀹㈡埛绔鐨勬墽琛岀粨鏋滃啓鍏ユ棩蹇椼
4銆丼altstack
SaltStack鏄鍩轰簬python寮鍙戠殑涓濂桟/S鑷鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮宸ュ叿銆傞儴缃茶交鏉撅紝鎵╁睍鎬уソ锛屽緢瀹规槗绠＄悊涓婁竾鍙版湇鍔″櫒锛岄熷害澶熷揩銆備笌鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ箣闂寸殑浜ゆ祦,浠ユ绉掍负鍗曚綅銆係altStack鎻愪緵浜嗕竴涓鍔ㄦ佸熀纭璁炬柦閫氫俊鎬荤嚎鐢ㄤ簬缂栨帓,杩滅▼鎵ц屻侀厤缃绠＄悊绛夌瓑銆傚畠鐨勫簳灞備娇鐢╖eroMQ娑堟伅闃熷垪pub/sub鏂瑰紡閫氫俊锛屼娇鐢⊿SL璇佷功绛惧彂鐨勬柟寮忚繘琛岃よ瘉绠＄悊锛屼紶杈撻噰鐢ˋES鍔犲瘑銆
鍦╯altstack鏋舵瀯涓鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ鍙玀aster锛屽㈡埛绔鍙玀inion銆
鍦∕aster鍜孧inion绔閮芥槸浠ュ畧鎶よ繘绋嬬殑妯″紡杩愯岋紝涓鐩寸洃鍚閰嶇疆鏂囦欢閲岄潰瀹氫箟鐨剅et_port(鎺ュ彈minion璇锋眰)鍜宲ublish_port(鍙戝竷娑堟伅)鐨勭鍙ｃ傚綋Minion杩愯屾椂浼氳嚜鍔ㄨ繛鎺ュ埌閰嶇疆鏂囦欢閲岄潰瀹氫箟鐨凪aster鍦板潃ret_port绔鍙ｈ繘琛岃繛鎺ヨよ瘉銆
saltstack闄や簡浼犵粺鐨凜/S鏋舵瀯澶栵紝鍏跺疄杩樻湁涓绉嶅彨鍋歮asterless鐨勬灦鏋勶紝鍏朵笉闇瑕佸崟鐙瀹夎呬竴鍙 master 鏈嶅姟鍣锛屽彧闇瑕佸湪姣忓彴鏈哄櫒涓婂畨瑁 Minion绔锛岀劧鍚庨噰鐢ㄦ湰鏈哄彧璐熻矗瀵规湰鏈虹殑閰嶇疆绠＄悊鏈哄埗鏈嶅姟鐨勬ā寮忋
saltstack鎻愪緵濡備笅涓浜涘姛鑳斤細
锛1锛夎繙绋嬫墽琛岋細锛堟壒閲忔墽琛屽懡浠わ級鍦╩aster涓婃墽琛屽懡浠ゆ椂锛屼細鍦ㄦ墍鏈夌殑minion涓婃墽琛屻
锛2锛夐厤缃绠＄悊/鐘舵佺＄悊 锛氾紙鎻忚堪鎯冲埌杈惧埌鐨勭姸鎬侊紝saltstack灏变細鍘绘墽琛岋級
锛3锛変簯绠＄悊(cloud)锛氱敤浜庣＄悊浜戜富鏈
锛4锛変簨浠堕┍鍔锛氳鍔ㄦ墽琛岋紝褰撹揪鍒版煇涓鍊间細鑷鍔ㄨЕ鍙
杩欏洓绉嶈嚜鍔ㄥ寲杩愮淮宸ュ叿鐨勬瘮杈冨備笅锛岀幇鍦ㄤ富娴佺殑鍩烘湰涓奱nsible鍜宻altstack鐢ㄧ殑澶氫竴浜涳細