❶ 用C語言設計一個學生成績管理系統
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#defineMAX1000
/*定義學生成績信息結構*/
struct stu
{
char id[8];
char name[8];
(1)學生成績管理系統程序設計擴展閱讀:
short:修飾int,短整型數據,可省略被修飾的int。(K&R時期引入)
long:修飾int,長整型數據,可省略被修飾的int。(K&R時期引入)
long long:修飾int,超長整型數據,可省略被修飾的int。(C99標准新增)
signed:修飾整型數據,有符號數據類型。(C89標准新增)
unsigned:修飾整型數據,無符號數據類型。(K&R時期引入)
restrict:用於限定和約束指針,並表明指針是訪問一個數據對象的唯一且初始的方式。(C99標准新增)
復雜類型關鍵字
struct:結構體聲明。(K&R時期引入)
union:聯合體聲明。(K&R時期引入)
enum:枚舉聲明。(C89標准新增)
typedef:聲明類型別名。(K&R時期引入)
sizeof:得到特定類型或特定類型變數的大小。(K&R時期引入)
inline:內聯函數用於取代宏定義,會在任何調用它的地方展開。(C99標准新增)
❷ 學生成績管理程序設計(C語言)
我有幾行和你要求不太相符的代碼,大部分是相同的只是沒有對文件的操作,快考試了,也沒時間寫了,你先拿去用吧!
定有錯誤和低效之處,發現後,請你指出來,謝謝!!!
#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#define PRIN printf("%-14s%-14s%-14.2f%-14.2f%-14.2f\n",p->num,p->name,p->ch,p->math,p->all); //輸出鏈表
#define CLA 2
//________________定義結構體變數___________________
struct student //定義學生個人信息結構體變數
{
char num[20];//學號
char name[20];//姓名
float ch;//語文成績
float math;//數學成績
float all;//總分
struct student *next;
}stu;
struct sta //定義課程信息結構體變數
{
char classname[20];//課程名字
float aver;//平均分
float pass;//及格率
float top;//最高分
float low;//最低分
};
int n; //定義學生人數
//______________________________________________________主函數________________________________________________________
int main()
{
struct student *input();
void output(struct student *);
struct student *sort(struct student *);
void search(struct studdent *);
void statictics(struct student *head);
void write(struct student *);
struct student *ins(struct student *);
struct student *del(struct student *);
void quit(void);
struct student *head;
int i;
int flag=0;
printf("===============================學生成績管理系統===============================\n");
printf(" Copyringt 1990-2010 SoftWaring\n\n");
printf("歡迎你使用本系統\n\n");
while(1)
{
printf("1.輸入學生成績\n2.輸出學生成績\n3.統計課程信息\n4.增加學生信息\n5.刪除學生信息\n6.查找學生成績\n7.退 出\n\n");
scanf("%d",&i);
fflush(stdin);
switch(i)
{
case 1:head=input();flag=1;break;
case 2:if(flag) output(head); else {printf("請先輸入數據\n按任意鍵回到主菜單!\n\n");getch();} break;
case 3:statictics(head);break;
case 4:if(flag) head=ins(head); else {printf("請先輸入數據\n按任意鍵回到主菜單!\n\n");getch();} break;
case 5:if(flag) head=del(head); else {printf("請先輸入數據\n按任意鍵回到主菜單!\n\n");getch();} break;
case 6:search(head);break;
case 7:quit();
default :printf("輸入錯誤\n請輸入1-7:");
}
}
return 0;
}
//___________________________________________________輸入學生成績_____________________________________________________
struct student *input()
{
struct student *p, *pnext;
struct student *head;
int i;
printf("請輸入學生人數:");
scanf("%d",&n);
head=p=pnext=(struct student *)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
for(i=0;i<n;i++) //輸入學生成績
{
p->all=0; //初始化總成績
printf("請輸入第 %d 個學生的信息\n",i+1);
printf("————————————\n\n");
printf("請輸入學號:");
scanf("%s",p->num);
fflush(stdin);
printf("請輸入姓名:");
scanf("%s",p->name);
fflush(stdin);
printf("請輸入語文成績:");
scanf("%f",&p->ch);
fflush(stdin);
p->all+=p->ch;
printf("請輸入數學成績:");
scanf("%f",&p->math);
fflush(stdin);
p->all+=p->math;
printf("\n");
p=(struct student *)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
pnext->next=p;
pnext=p;
}
pnext->next=NULL;
printf("\n請按任意鍵回到主菜單\n\n");
getch();
return sort(head);
}
//_______________________________________________________輸出_________________________________________________________
void output(struct student *head)
{
struct student *p;
p=head;
printf("————————————輸出學生成績————————————\n");
printf("學號 姓名 語文 數學 總分\n\n");
while(p->next!=NULL)
{
PRIN
p=p->next;
}
printf("\n");
printf("請按任意鍵回到主菜單\n\n");
fflush(stdin);
getch();
}
//_______________________________________________________排序_________________________________________________________
struct student *sort(struct student *head)
{
struct student *p;
char temp[20];
float t;
int i, j;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
p=head;
for(j=0;j<n-i;j++)
{
if(p->all<p->next->all)
{
strcpy(temp,p->name);
strcpy(p->name,p->next->name);
strcpy(p->next->name,temp);
strcpy(temp,p->num);
strcpy(p->num,p->next->num);
strcpy(p->next->num,temp);
t=p->math;
p->math=p->next->math;
p->next->math=t;
t=p->ch;
p->ch=p->next->ch;
p->next->ch=t;
t=p->all;
p->all=p->next->all;
p->next->all=t;
}
p=p->next;
}
}
return head;
}
//_______________________________________________________查找_________________________________________________________
void search(struct student *head)
{
struct student *p;
int i;//查詢方式
int flag=0;//標志是否有此學生
char sear[20];//查詢內容
printf("1.按姓名查找\n2.按學號查找\n請選擇你要查找的方式:");
scanf("%d",&i);
if(i==1)
printf("請輸入名字:");
else
if(i==2)
printf("請輸入學號:");
else
;//有待補充完成
scanf("%s",sear);
p=head;
while(p->next)
{
if(!strcmp(sear,p->name)||!strcmp(sear,p->num))
{
if(flag==0)
{
printf("————————————查詢學生成績————————————\n");
printf("學號 姓名 語文 數學 總分\n\n");
}
PRIN
flag++;
}
p=p->next;
}
if(flag)
{
printf("\n查找完畢!\n\n");
}
else
{
printf("你查找的內容不存在\n\n");
}
printf("請按任意鍵回到主菜單\n\n");
getch();
}
//_________________________________________________________增加_______________________________________________________
struct student *ins(struct student *head)
{
struct student *p, *p1,*p2;
char c;
p=head;
p=(struct studnet *)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
printf("------增加學生成績------\n\n");
while(1)
{
p->all=0;
printf("請輸入學號:");
scanf("%s",p->num);
fflush(stdin);
printf("請輸入姓名:");
scanf("%s",p->name);
fflush(stdin);
printf("請輸入語文成績:");
scanf("%f",&p->ch);
fflush(stdin);
p->all+=p->ch;
printf("請輸入數學成績:");
scanf("%f",&p->math);
fflush(stdin);
p->all+=p->math;
printf("\n");
n++;//增加學生個數計數器
p1=head;
while((p->all<p1->all)&&(p1->next!=NULL))
{
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
}
if(p->all>=p1->all)
{
if(head==p1)
head=p;
else
p2->next=p;
p->next=p1;
}
else
{
p1->next=p;
p->next=NULL;
}
printf("是否需要再增加學生(Y/任意鍵視為不添加)\n");
c=getch();
if(c!='Y'&&c!='y')
break;
p=(struct student *)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
}
printf("請按任意鍵回到主菜單\n\n");
getch();
return head;
}
//_________________________________________________________刪除_______________________________________________________
struct student *del(struct student *head)
{
struct student *p1,*p2;
char delname[20];
char delnum[20];
printf("----------刪除學生信息----------\n\n");
fflush(stdin);
printf("請輸入學號:");
scanf("%s",delnum);
fflush(stdin);
printf("請輸入姓名:");
scanf("%s",delname);
fflush(stdin);
p1=head;
while((p1->next!=NULL)&&strcmp(delname,p1->name)&&strcmp(delnum,p1->num))
{
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
}
if(!strcmp(delname,p1->name)&&!strcmp(delnum,p1->num))
{
if(head==p1)
head=p1->next;
else
p2->next=p1->next;
printf("已成功刪除!!!\n");
n-=1;
}
else
printf("無法找到學號:%s\n 姓名:%s\n",delnum,delname);
printf("按任意鍵回到主菜單!\n\n");
getch();
return head;
}
//____________________________________________________統計課程信息____________________________________________________
void statictics(struct student *head)
{
struct student *p;
struct sta course[CLA]={{"CHINA"},{"MATH"}};
int i;
int flag=0;
p=head;
while(p->next) //統計語文信息
{
course[0].aver+=p->ch;
if(p->ch>=60)
course[1].pass++;
course[0].top=(p->ch>p->next->ch)?p->ch:p->ch;
course[0].low=(p->ch<p->next->ch)?p->ch:p->ch;
p=p->next;
}
p=head;
while(p->next) //統計數學信息
{
course[1].aver+=p->math;
if(p->math>=60)
course[1].pass++;
course[1].top=(p->math>p->next->math)?p->math:p->math;
course[1].low=(p->math<p->next->math)?p->math:p->math;
flag++;
p=p->next;
}
printf("—————————————輸入課程信息——————————————\n\n:");
printf("課程名稱 平均分 及格率 最高分 最低分\n");
for(i=0;i<CLA;i++)
printf("%-16s%-16.2f%-16.2f%-16.2f%16.2f\n",course[i].classname,course[i].aver/flag,course[i].pass/flag*100,course[i].top,course[i].low);
printf("\n輸入出完畢!\n");
}
//____________________________________________________退出_____________________________________________________________
void quit()
{
printf("請按任意鍵退出!\n");
fflush(stdin);
getch();
exit(0);
}
❸ C語言程序設計學生成績管理系統
隨便寫了些
不滿意你自己在改改吧
#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <string.h>
typedef struct student{
int Num;
char name[12];
int age;
struct student* pNext;
}STUDENT,*PSTUDENT;
#define LEN sizeof(STUDENT)
PSTUDENT pHeader,pNail;
int n=0;
void PrintMenu();
bool ExistStudent(int Num);
void InsertInfo();
bool DeleteInfo(int Num);
bool UpdateInfo(int Num,PSTUDENT pNewInfo);
void PrintInfo();
int main()
{
PrintMenu();
int iSel=0;
while(1)
{
printf("輸入操作選擇:");
scanf("%d",&iSel);
switch(iSel)
{
case 0:
return 0;
case 1:
PrintInfo();
continue;
case 2:
InsertInfo();
continue;
case 3:
{
int num=0;
printf("輸入要刪除的學生學號:");
scanf("%d",&num);
if(DeleteInfo(num))
printf("刪除成功!\n");
else
printf("刪除失敗!\n");
continue;
}
case 4:
{
int num=0;
printf("輸入要修改的學生學號:");
scanf("%d",&num);
STUDENT stu={0};
printf("輸入該學生的新信息(空格分隔):");
scanf("%d%s%d",&stu.Num,&stu.name,&stu.age);
if(UpdateInfo(num,&stu))
printf("修改成功!\n");
else
printf("修改失敗!\n");
continue;
}
continue;
default:
continue;
}
}
return 0;
}
void PrintMenu()
{
printf("******操作菜單******\n");
printf("* 1. 列印學生信息\n");
printf("* 2. 添加學生信息\n");
printf("* 3. 刪除學生信息\n");
printf("* 4. 修改學生信息\n");
printf("* 0. 退出系統\n");
printf("*********************\n");
}
void InsertInfo()
{
PSTUDENT pCur;
printf("請輸入學生記錄(各元素用空格分隔,輸入學號為0時停止)\n");
while(true)
{
pCur = (PSTUDENT)malloc(LEN);
memset(pCur,NULL,LEN);
printf("==>:");
scanf("%d%s%d",&pCur->Num,pCur->name,&pCur->age);
if(pCur->Num==0)
break;
if(ExistStudent(pCur->Num))
{
printf("該學生信息已經存在!\n");
break;
}
if(n==0)
{
pNail=pHeader=pCur;
pHeader->pNext=NULL;
}
else
{
pNail->pNext=pCur;
pNail=pCur;
pCur->pNext=NULL;
}
n++;
}
}
bool DeleteInfo(int Num)
{
PSTUDENT pStu=pHeader;
if(!pStu)
return false;
for(pStu;pStu!=NULL;pStu=pStu->pNext)
{
if(Num==pStu->Num)
{
pHeader=pStu->pNext;
return true;
}
else if(pStu->pNext&&Num==pStu->pNext->Num)
{
pStu->pNext=pStu->pNext->pNext;
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
bool UpdateInfo(int Num,PSTUDENT pNewInfo)
{
PSTUDENT pStu=pHeader;
if(!pStu)
return false;
if(Num!=pNewInfo->Num&&ExistStudent(pNewInfo->Num))
return false;
for(pStu;pStu!=NULL;pStu=pStu->pNext)
{
if(Num==pStu->Num)
{
pStu->Num=pNewInfo->Num;
memset(pStu->name,0,sizeof(pStu->name));
strcpy(pStu->name,pNewInfo->name);
pStu->age=pNewInfo->age;
return true;
}
}
return true;
}
void PrintInfo()
{
PSTUDENT pStu=pHeader;
if(!pStu)
{
printf("沒有學生信息!\n");
return;
}
for(pStu;pStu!=NULL;pStu=pStu->pNext)
printf("學號:%d 姓名:%s 年齡:%d\n",pStu->Num,pStu->name,pStu->age);
}
bool ExistStudent(int Num)
{
PSTUDENT pStu=pHeader;
if(!pStu)
return false;
for(pStu;pStu!=NULL;pStu=pStu->pNext)
{
if(Num==pStu->Num)
return true;
}
return false;
}
❹ C語言程序設計學生成績管理系統
#include
"stdio.h"
/*定義學生結構體*/
struct
Student
{
char
ID[20];
char
Name[20];
float
Mark1;
float
Mark2;
float
Mark3;
float
Average;
};
/*聲明學生數組及學生數量*/
struct
Student
students[1000];
int
num=0;
/*求平均值*/
float
Avg(struct
Student
stu)
{
return
(stu.Mark1+stu.Mark2+stu.Mark3)/3;
}
/*通過學號返回數組下標*/
int
Student_SearchByIndex(char
id[])
{
int
i;
for
(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
if
(strcmp(students[i].ID,id)==0)
{
return
i;
}
}
return
-1;
}
/*通過姓名返回數組下標*/
int
Student_SearchByName(char
name[])
{
int
i;
for
(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
if
(strcmp(students[i].Name,name)==0)
{
return
i;
}
}
return
-1;
}
/*顯示單條學生記錄*/
void
Student_DisplaySingle(int
index)
{
printf("%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%10s\n","學號","姓名","成績","成績","成績","平均成績");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f\n",students[index].ID,students[index].Name,
students[index].Mark1,students[index].Mark2,students[index].Mark3,students[index].Average);
}
/*插入學生信息*/
void
Student_Insert()
{
while(1)
{
printf("請輸入學號:");
scanf("%s",&students[num].ID);
getchar();
printf("請輸入姓名:");
scanf("%s",&students[num].Name);
getchar();
printf("請輸入成績:");
scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark1);
getchar();
printf("請輸入成績:");
scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark2);
getchar();
printf("請輸入成績:");
scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark3);
getchar();
students[num].Average=Avg(students[num]);
num++;
printf("是否繼續?(y/n)");
if
(getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}
/*修改學生信息*/
void
Student_Modify()
{
float
mark1,mark2,mark3;
while(1)
{
char
id[20];
int
index;
printf("請輸入要修改的學生的學號:");
scanf("%s",&id);
getchar();
index=Student_SearchByIndex(id);
if
(index==-1)
{
printf("學生不存在!\n");
}
else
{
printf("你要修改的學生信息為:\n");
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
printf("--
請輸入新值--\n");
printf("請輸入學號:");
scanf("%s",&students[index].ID);
getchar();
printf("請輸入姓名:");
scanf("%s",&students[index].Name);
getchar();
printf("請輸入成績:");
scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark1);
getchar();
printf("請輸入成績:");
scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark2);
getchar();
printf("請輸入成績:");
scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark3);
getchar();
students[index].Average=Avg(students[index]);
}
printf("是否繼續?(y/n)");
if
(getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}
/*刪除學生信息*/
void
Student_Delete()
{
int
i;
while(1)
{
char
id[20];
int
index;
printf("請輸入要刪除的學生的學號:");
scanf("%s",&id);
getchar();
index=Student_SearchByIndex(id);
if
(index==-1)
{
printf("學生不存在!\n");
}
else
{
printf("你要刪除的學生信息為:\n");
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
printf("是否真的要刪除?(y/n)");
if
(getchar()=='y')
{
for
(i=index;i<num-1;i++)
{
students[i]=students[i+1];
}
num--;
}
getchar();
}
printf("是否繼續?(y/n)");
if
(getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}
/*按姓名查詢*/
void
Student_Select()
{
while(1)
{
char
name[20];
int
index;
printf("請輸入要查詢的學生的姓名:");
scanf("%s",&name);
getchar();
index=Student_SearchByName(name);
if
(index==-1)
{
printf("學生不存在!\n");
}
else
{
printf("你要查詢的學生信息為:\n");
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
}
printf("是否繼續?(y/n)");
if
(getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}
/*按平均值排序*/
void
Student_SortByAverage()
{
int
i,j;
struct
Student
tmp;
for
(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
for
(j=1;j<num-i;j++)
{
if
(students[j-1].Average<students[j].Average)
{
tmp=students[j-1];
students[j-1]=students[j];
students[j]=tmp;
}
}
}
}
/*顯示學生信息*/
void
Student_Display()
{
int
i;
printf("%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%10s\n","學號","姓名","成績","成績","成績","平均成績");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------\n");
for
(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f\n",students[i].ID,students[i].Name,
students[i].Mark1,students[i].Mark2,students[i].Mark3,students[i].Average);
}
}
/*將學生信息從文件讀出*/
void
IO_ReadInfo()
{
FILE
*fp;
int
i;
if
((fp=fopen("Database.txt","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("不能打開文件!\n");
return;
}
if
(fread(&num,sizeof(int),1,fp)!=1)
{
num=-1;
}
else
{
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
fread(&students[i],sizeof(struct
Student),1,fp);
}
}
fclose(fp);
}
/*將學生信息寫入文件*/
void
IO_WriteInfo()
{
FILE
*fp;
int
i;
if
((fp=fopen("Database.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{
printf("不能打開文件!\n");
return;
}
if
(fwrite(&num,sizeof(int),1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("寫入文件錯誤!\n");
}
for
(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
if
(fwrite(&students[i],sizeof(struct
Student),1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("寫入文件錯誤!\n");
}
}
fclose(fp);
}
/*主程序*/
main()
{
int
choice;
IO_ReadInfo();
while(1)
{
/*主菜單*/
printf("\n------
學生成績管理系統------\n");
printf("1.
增加學生記錄\n");
printf("2.
修改學生記錄\n");
printf("3.
刪除學生記錄\n");
printf("4.
按姓名查詢學生記錄\n");
printf("5.
按平均成績排序\n");
printf("6.
退出\n");
printf("請選擇(1-6):");
scanf("%d",&choice);
getchar();
switch(choice)
{
case
1:
Student_Insert();
break;
case
2:
Student_Modify();
break;
case
3:
Student_Delete();
break;
case
4:
Student_Select();
break;
case
5:
Student_SortByAverage();
Student_Display();
break;
case
6:
exit();
break;
}
IO_WriteInfo();
}
}
你的串號我已經記下,採納後我會幫你製作
❺ 學生成績管理系統(c語言程序設計)
本程序是用鏈表做的~因為是轉載~不保證正確性.
/*頭文件*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include<dos.h>
#include<stdlib.h> /*其它說明*/
#include<string.h> /*字元串函數*/
#include<mem.h> /*內存操作函數*/
#include<ctype.h> /*字元操作函數*/
#include<alloc.h> /*動態地址分配函數*/
#define LEN sizeof(STUDENT)
typedef struct stu /*定義結構體數組用於緩存數據*/
{char num[6];
char name[5];
int score[3];
int sum;
float average;
int order;
struct stu *next;
}STUDENT;
/*函數原型*/
STUDENT *init(); /*初始化函數*/
int menu_select(); /*菜單函數*/
STUDENT *create(); /*創建鏈表*/
void print(STUDENT *head); /* 顯示全部記錄*/
void search(STUDENT *head); /*查找記錄*/
STUDENT *delete(STUDENT *head); /*刪除記錄*/
STUDENT *sort(STUDENT *head); /*排序*/
STUDENT *insert(STUDENT *head,STUDENT *new); /*插入記錄*/
void save(STUDENT *head); /*保存文件*/
STUDENT *load(); /*讀文件*/
/*主函數界面*/
main()
{STUDENT *head,new;
head=init(); /*鏈表初始化,使head的值為NULL*/
for(;;) /*循環無限次*/
{switch(menu_select())
{
case 1:head=create();break;
case 2:print(head);break;
case 3:search(head);break;
case 4:head=delete(head);break;
case 5:head=sort(head);break;
case 6:head=insert(head,&new);break; /*&new表示返回地址*/
case 7:save(head);break;
case 8:head=load(); break;
case 9:exit(0); /*如菜單返回值為9則程序結束*/
}
}
}
/*初始化函數*/
STUDENT *init()
{
return NULL; /*返回空指針*/
}
/*菜單選擇函數*/
menu_select()
{int n;
struct date d; /*定義時間結構體*/
getdate(&d); /*讀取系統日期並把它放到結構體d中*/
printf("press any key to enter the menu......"); /*按任一鍵進入主菜單*/
getch(); /*從鍵盤讀取一個字元,但不顯示於屏幕*/
clrscr(); /*清屏*/
printf("********************************************************************************\n");
printf("\t\t Welcome to\n");
printf("\n\t\t The student score manage system\n");
printf("*************************************MENU***************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\t1. Enter the record\n"); /*輸入學生成績記錄*/
printf("\t\t\t2. Print the record\n"); /*顯示*/
printf("\t\t\t3. Search record on name\n"); /*尋找*/
printf("\t\t\t4. Delete a record\n"); /*刪除*/
printf("\t\t\t5. Sort to make new a file\n"); /*排序*/
printf("\t\t\t6. Insert record to list\n"); /*插入*/
printf("\t\t\t7. Save the file\n"); /*保存*/
printf("\t\t\t8. Load the file\n"); /*讀取*/
printf("\t\t\t9. Quit\n"); /*退出*/
printf("\n\t\t Made by Hu Haihong.\n");
printf("********************************************************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t%d\\%d\\%d\n",d.da_year,d.da_mon,d.da_day); /*顯示當前系統日期*/
do{
printf("\n\t\t\tEnter your choice(1~9):");
scanf("%d",&n);
}while(n<1||n>9); /*如果選擇項不在1~9之間則重輸*/
return(n); /*返回選擇項,主函數根據該數調用相應的函數*/
}
/*輸入函數*/
STUDENT *create()
{int i,s;
STUDENT *head=NULL,*p; /* 定義函數.此函數帶回一個指向鏈表頭的指針*/
clrscr();
for(;;)
{p=(STUDENT *)malloc(LEN); /*開辟一個新的單元*/
if(!p) /*如果指針p為空*/
{printf("\nOut of memory."); /*輸出內存溢出*/
return (head); /*返回頭指針,下同*/
}
printf("Enter the num(0:list end):");
scanf("%s",p->num);
if(p->num[0]=='0') break; /*如果學號首字元為0則結束輸入*/
printf("Enter the name:");
scanf("%s",p->name);
printf("Please enter the %d scores\n",3); /*提示開始輸入成績*/
s=0; /*計算每個學生的總分,初值為0*/
for(i=0;i<3;i++) /*3門課程循環3次*/
{
do{
printf("score%d:",i+1);
scanf("%d",&p->score[i]);
if(p->score[i]<0 || p->score[i]>100) /*確保成績在0~100之間*/
printf("Data error,please enter again.\n");
}while(p->score[i]<0 || p->score[i]>100);
s=s+p->score[i]; /*累加各門成績*/
}
p->sum=s; /*將總分保存*/
p->average=(float)s/3; /*先用強制類型轉換將s轉換成float型,再求平均值*/
p->order=0; /*未排序前此值為0*/
p->next=head; /*將頭結點做為新輸入結點的後繼結點*/
head=p; /*新輸入結點為新的頭結點*/
}
return(head);
}
/* 顯示全部記錄函數*/
void print(STUDENT *head)
{int i=0; /* 統計記錄條數*/
STUDENT *p; /*移動指針*/
clrscr();
p=head; /*初值為頭指針*/
printf("\n************************************STUDENT************************************\n");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("| Rec | Num | Name | Sc1 | Sc2 | Sc3 | Sum | Ave | Order |\n");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
while(p!=NULL)
{
i++;
printf("| %3d | %4s | %-4s | %3d | %3d | %3d | %3d | %4.2f | %-5d|\n",
i, p->num,p->name,p->score[0],p->score[1],p->score[2],p->sum,p->average,p->order);
p=p->next;
}
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("**************************************END**************************************\n");
}
/*查找記錄函數*/
void search(STUDENT *head)
{STUDENT *p; /* 移動指針*/
char s[5]; /*存放姓名用的字元數組*/
clrscr();
printf("Please enter name for searching.\n");
scanf("%s",s);
p=head; /*將頭指針賦給p*/
while(strcmp(p->name,s) && p != NULL) /*當記錄的姓名不是要找的,或指針不為空時*/
p=p->next; /*移動指針,指向下一結點*/
if(p!=NULL) /*如果指針不為空*/
{printf("\n*************************************FOUND************************************\n");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("| Num | Name | sc1 | sc2 | sc3 | Sum | Ave | Order |\n");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("| %4s | %4s | %3d | %3d | %3d | %3d | %4.2f | %-5d|\n",
p->num,p->name,p->score[0],p->score[1],p->score[2],p->sum,p->average,p->order);
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("***************************************END**************************************\n");
}
else
printf("\nThere is no num %s student on the list.\n",s); /*顯示沒有該學生*/
}
/*刪除記錄函數*/
STUDENT *delete(STUDENT *head)
{int n;
STUDENT *p1,*p2; /*p1為查找到要刪除的結點指針,p2為其前驅指針*/
char c,s[6]; /*s[6]用來存放學號,c用來輸入字母*/
clrscr();
printf("Please enter the deleted num: ");
scanf("%s",s);
p1=p2=head; /*給p1和p2賦初值頭指針*/
while(strcmp(p1->num,s) && p1 != NULL) /*當記錄的學號不是要找的,或指針不為空時*/
{p2=p1; /*將p1指針值賦給p2作為p1的前驅指針*/
p1=p1->next; /*將p1指針指向下一條記錄*/
}
if(strcmp(p1->num,s)==0) /*學號找到了*/
{printf("**************************************FOUND************************************\n");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("| Num | Name | sc1 | sc2 | sc3 | Sum | Ave | Order |\n");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("| %4s | %4s | %3d | %3d | %3d | %3d | %4.2f | %-5d|\n",
p1->num,p1->name,p1->score[0],p1->score[1],p1->score[2],p1->sum,p1->average,p1->order);
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("***************************************END**************************************\n");
printf("Are you sure to delete the student Y/N ?"); /*提示是否要刪除,輸入Y刪除,N則退出*/
for(;;)
{scanf("%c",&c);
if(c=='n'||c=='N') break; /*如果不刪除,則跳出本循環*/
if(c=='y'||c=='Y')
{
if(p1==head) /*若p1==head,說明被刪結點是首結點*/
head=p1->next; /*把第二個結點地址賦予head*/
else
p2->next=p1->next; /*否則將一下結點地址賦給前一結點地址*/
n=n-1;
printf("\nNum %s student have been deleted.\n",s);
printf("Don't forget to save.\n");break; /*刪除後就跳出循環*/
}
}
}
else
printf("\nThere is no num %s student on the list.\n",s); /*找不到該結點*/
return(head);
}
/*排序函數*/
STUDENT *sort(STUDENT *head)
{int i=0; /*保存名次*/
STUDENT *p1,*p2,*t,*temp; /*定義臨時指針*/
temp=head->next; /*將原表的頭指針所指的下一個結點作頭指針*/
head->next=NULL; /*第一個結點為新表的頭結點*/
while(temp!=NULL) /*當原表不為空時,進行排序*/
{
t=temp; /*取原表的頭結點*/
temp=temp->next; /*原表頭結點指針後移*/
p1=head; /*設定移動指針p1,從頭指針開始*/
p2=head; /*設定移動指針p2做為p1的前驅,初值為頭指針*/
while(t->average<p1->average&&p1!=NULL) /*作成績平均分比較*/
{
p2=p1; /*待排序點值小,則新表指針後移*/
p1=p1->next;
}
if(p1==p2) /*p1==p2,說明待排序點值大,應排在首位*/
{
t->next=p1; /*待排序點的後繼為p*/
head=t; /*新頭結點為待排序點*/
}
else /*待排序點應插入在中間某個位置p2和p1之間,如p為空則是尾部*/
{
t->next=p1; /*t的後繼是p1*/
p2->next=t; /*p2的後繼是t*/
}
}
p1=head; /*已排好序的頭指針賦給p1,准備填寫名次*/
while(p1!=NULL) /*當p1不為空時,進行下列操作*/
{
i++; /*結點序號*/
p1->order=i; /*將結點序號賦值給名次*/
p1=p1->next; /*指針後移*/
}
printf("Sorting is sucessful.\n"); /*排序成功*/
return (head);
}
/*插入記錄函數*/
STUDENT *insert(STUDENT *head,STUDENT *new)
{STUDENT *p0,*p1,*p2;
int n,sum1,i;
p1=head; /*使p1指向第一個結點*/
p0=new; /*p0指向要插入的結點*/
printf("\nPlease enter a new record.\n"); /*提示輸入記錄信息*/
printf("Enter the num:");
scanf("%s",new->num);
printf("Enter the name:");
scanf("%s",new->name);
printf("Please enter the %d scores.\n",3);
sum1=0; /*保存新記錄的總分,初值為0*/
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
do{
printf("score%d:",i+1);
scanf("%d",&new->score[i]);
if(new->score[i]>100||new->score[i]<0)
printf("Data error,please enter again.\n");
}while(new->score[i]>100||new->score[i]<0);
sum1=sum1+new->score[i]; /*累加各門成績*/
}
new->sum=sum1; /*將總分存入新記錄中*/
new->average=(float)sum1/3;
new->order=0;
if(head==NULL) /*原來的鏈表是空表*/
{head=p0;p0->next=NULL;} /*使p0指向的結點作為頭結點*/
else
{while((p0->average<p1->average)&&(p1->next!=NULL))
{p2=p1; /*使p2指向剛才p1指向的結點*/
p1=p1->next; /*p1後移一個結點*/
}
if(p0->average>=p1->average)
{if(head==p1)head=p0; /*插到原來第一個結點之前*/
else p2->next=p0; /*插到p2指向的結點之後*/
p0->next=p1;}
else
{p1->next=p0;p0->next=NULL;} /*插到最後的結點之後*/
}
n=n+1; /*結點數加1*/
head=sort(head); /*調用排序的函數,將學生成績重新排序*/
printf("\nStudent %s have been inserted.\n",new->name);
printf("Don't forget to save the new file.\n");
return(head);
}
/*保存數據到文件函數*/
void save(STUDENT *head)
{FILE *fp; /*定義指向文件的指針*/
STUDENT *p; /* 定義移動指針*/
char outfile[10];
printf("Enter outfile name,for example c:\\score\n");
scanf("%s",outfile);
if((fp=fopen(outfile,"wb"))==NULL) /*為輸出打開一個二進制文件,為只寫方式*/
{
printf("Cannot open the file\n");
return; /*若打不開則返回菜單*/
}
printf("\nSaving the file......\n");
p=head; /*移動指針從頭指針開始*/
while(p!=NULL) /*如p不為空*/
{
fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp); /*寫入一條記錄*/
p=p->next; /*指針後移*/
}
fclose(fp); /*關閉文件*/
printf("Save the file successfully!\n");
}
/* 從文件讀數據函數*/
STUDENT *load()
{STUDENT *p1,*p2,*head=NULL; /*定義記錄指針變數*/
FILE *fp; /* 定義指向文件的指針*/
char infile[10];
printf("Enter infile name,for example c:\\score\n");
scanf("%s",infile);
if((fp=fopen(infile,"rb"))==NULL) /*打開一個二進制文件,為只讀方式*/
{
printf("Can not open the file.\n");
return(head);
}
printf("\nLoading the file!\n");
p1=(STUDENT *)malloc(LEN); /*開辟一個新單元*/
if(!p1)
{
printf("Out of memory!\n");
return(head);
}
head=p1; /*申請到空間,將其作為頭指針*/
while(!feof(fp)) /*循環讀數據直到文件尾結束*/
{
if(fread(p1,LEN,1,fp)!=1) break; /*如果沒讀到數據,跳出循環*/
p1->next=(STUDENT *)malloc(LEN); /*為下一個結點開辟空間*/
if(!p1->next)
{
printf("Out of memory!\n");
return (head);
}
p2=p1; /*使p2指向剛才p1指向的結點*/
p1=p1->next; /*指針後移,新讀入數據鏈到當前表尾*/
}
p2->next=NULL; /*最後一個結點的後繼指針為空*/
fclose(fp);
printf("You have success to read data from the file!\n");
return (head);
}